TUKHBATULLIN, G.R. AKHUNOVA, Z.M. GALEEVA Kazan State Medical Academy, 36 Butlerova St., Kazan, Russian Federation 420012 Tukhbatullin M.G. —D. Sc., Professor, Head of the Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, tel.
(843) 233-30-17, e-mail: kafedra-uzi.kgma@mail.ru. Degtyarev I.I. Klinicheskaya gastroenterologiya: Rukovodstvo dlya vrachey. Edited by V.V. 2019-02-04 1 -rukovodstvo-po-ultrazvukovoy-diagnostike-tom-5-mitkov-vv-2007-g.html.
(843) 233-30-17, e-mail: Akhunova G.R. —Cand. Sc., Assistant of the Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, tel. (843) 233-30-17, e-mail: Galeeva Z.M. —Cand. Sc.,Associate Professor of the Department of Therapy, tel. (843) 236-87-86, e-mail: This article is devoted to the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension with the use of sonography in the gray-scale and Doppler modes. The article presents data on the physiology of the portal circulation, describes a method of ultrasound investigation of vessels of the hepatobiliary system, gives a classification of liver cirrhosis and peculiarities of portal hemodynamics in case of liver cirrhosis. The article presents the sonographic criteria for liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension based on the study of literature data and personal long-term observations.
Key words: liver cirrhosis, portal hypertension, ultrasound diagnosis. REFERENCES 1. Degtyarev I.I. Klinicheskaya gastroenterologiya: Rukovodstvo dlya vrachey [Clinical Gastroenterology: A Guide for Physicians]. Moscow: Meditsinskoe informatsionnoe agentstvo, 2004. Ivashkin V.T., Maevskaya M.V. Lechenie oslozhneniy tsirroza pecheni: metodicheskie rekomendatsii dlya vrachey [Treatment of the complications of cirrhosis: guidelines for physicians].
Moscow: Littera, 2001. (Seriya “Prakticheskie rukovodstva”) 3. Klinicheskie rekomendatsii. Gastroenterologiya, pod red. Ivashkina [Clinical guidelines.
Gastroenterology, ed. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2008.
Afukova O.A., Yudin A.JI. Radiation diagnosis of cirrhosis (review). Meditsinskaya vizualizatsiya, 2005, no. 32-44 (in Russ.).
Mit’kov V.V., Sadokov V.M., Khitrova A.N. Non-invasive Doppler sonography diagnosis of cirrhosis based on an analysis time of receipt echocontrast substance in hepatic veins. Ul’trazvukovaya i funktsional’naya diagnostika, 2001, no. 14-18 (in Russ.).
Seitz K., Wermke W., Haag K. Sonography in Portal Hypertension and TIPS. Freiburg, 1998. Sadovnikova I.I. Cirrhosis of the liver. The etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment. Russkiy meditsinskiy zhurnal, 2003, no.
37-42 (in Russ.). Tukhbatullin M.G., Bashirova D.K., Raimova R.F. Osobennosti kompleksnoy ekhografii pri portal’noy gipertenzii. Uchebno-metodicheskoe posobie [Features integrated ultrasound in portal hypertension. Teaching aid]. Mikhaylov M.K., Tukhbatullin M.G.
Ekhografiya v diagnostike tsirroza pecheni [Sonography in the diagnosis of cirrhosis]. Moscow: MEDpress-inform, 2003. Value of ultrasound and doppler sonography in chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax. 2005, Apr., 20; 94(16):639-43. Prakticheskoe rukovodstvo po ul’trazvukovoy diagnostike. Obshchaya ul’trazvukovaya diagnostika, pod red. Mit’kova [A practical guide to ultrasound.
General ultrasound. Edited by V.V. Moscow: Vidar-M, 2011. Bryukhovetskiy Yu.A., Mit’kov V.V. Klinicheskoe rukovodstvo po ul’trazvukovoy diagnostike [Clinical guidelines for ultrasound].
Moscow: Vidar-M., 2000. Dergachev A.I., Kotlyarov P.M. Abdominal’naya ekhografiya [Abdominal sonography]. Moscow: EliksKom, 2003.
Zubarev A.B., Shipov O.Yu., Syutkin V.E. Portal hypertension: Doppler ultrasonic diagnostic capabilities methods. Ekhografiya, 2001, vol.
6-13 (in Russ.). Tsvibel’ V., Pellerito Dzh. Ul’trazvukovoe issledovanie sosudov [Ultrasonography vessels]. Moscow: Vidar-M, 2008.
Naglyadnaya gastroenterologiya: ucheb. Demicheva, pod red. Ivashkina [Transparent Gastroenterology: Textbook. From English by S.V. Edieted by V.T. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2005.
Anatomiya cheloveka. V dvukh tomakh, pod red. Sapina [Human Anatomy. In two volumes.
Edited by M.P. Moscow: Meditsina, 2001. Sergienko V.I., Petrosyan E.A., Frauchi I.V. Topograficheskaya anatomiya i operativnaya khirurgiya: V 2 t.
[Topographic Anatomy and Operative Surgery: In 2 volumes]. Moscow: GEOTAR-MED, 2001.