A cooling tower use to reduce the temperature of circulated water, and • they can achieve water temperatures below the - t db - of the cooling air • they are in general smaller and cheaper for the same cooling loads than other cooling systems Cooling towers are rated in terms of approach and range, where • the approach is the difference in temperature between the cooled water temperature and the entering air - t wb - temperature • the range is the temperature difference between the water inlet and water exit Note! - for a cooling tower based on evaporative cooling the maximum cooling tower efficiency is limited by the of the cooling air. Cooling Tower Efficiency Cooling tower efficiency can be expressed as μ = (t i - t o) 100 / (t i - t wb) (1) where μ = cooling tower efficiency (%) - the common range is between 70 - 75% t i = inlet temperature of water to the tower ( oC, oF) t o = outlet temperature of water from the tower ( oC, oF) t wb = wet bulb temperature of air ( oC, oF) The temperature difference between inlet and outlet water (t i - t o) is normally in the range 10 - 15 oF. The water consumption - or the amount of make up water - of a cooling tower is about 0.2-0.3 liter per minute.
Inhouse Software Development GTPL Software is made for counter flow wet cooling towers. Its main features are user-friendliness and flexible application. GTPL software has a Graphical User Interface (GUI) for input and output and is quite interactive to facilitate cooling tower thermal design process. 1, Second attempt at calculating the change in enthalpy of the cooling tower. 3, Velocity flow rate of air out of the cooling tower, Change in enthalpy on the air.
Compared with the use and waste of city water the water consumption can be reduced with about 90 - 95%. There are two main types of cooling towers • forced draught (using fans) • natural draught Both types are based on evaporative cooling. • Natural draught cooling towers are more dependent on temperature gradients between air and water and the wind forces than forced draught cooling towers • The efficiency of natural draught towers are more variable over time and in general lower Note! - be aware that a medium temperature system - like cooling a tower - are a known source of pathogenic bacteria causing the. Good cleaning and maintenance of the systems are important to minimize the risk. We don't collect information from our users. Only emails and answers are saved in our archive.
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Revised March 2017 A suite of cooling tower applications that is indispensable to anyone responsible for the peak performance of cooling towers. Applications include, Air Properties Calculator, Merkel Number calculator, Demand Curve Worksheet (calculates tower performance & characteristic curve test method) and Mechanical Draft Tower Performance Test Analyzer (performance curve method). The performance test analyzer compliments the ATC-105 cooling tower test code. Many fully explained examples presented in the help files. Educational pricing & site licensing available upon request. Toolkit v3.1 is Windows Vista and Windows 7 compatible.
To view screen shots. To download a demo. To view order form.
Why you need the CTI ToolKit? • Thermal Design Worksheet. An interactive, graphical worksheet designed to speed cooling tower thermal calculations. Set your own values for wet bulb, range and altitude, and plot your own demand curve on virtually any printer. • Performance Evaluator.
Aqua aquarius full album. Evaluates induced draft counterflow and crossflow cooling tower performance with field acquired data. Fully compliant with the latest CTI ATC-105 test code (performance curve method). • Air Properties Calculator.
Fully ASHRAE compliant, using latest psychrometric property routines. • Detailed Help Files. How-to-use help for typical applications is just a click away. What does the CTI ToolKit do for me? • Predicts off-design performance with the Demand Curve Tab application. Answers what-if questions like, how much will my leaving water temperature change if I increase my waterflow 10%? Decrease my range 15%?
• Evaluates cooling tower performance and acceptance tests. • Performance Curve Tab: application allows the automatic calculation of cooling tower performance using the performance test method of the CTI ATC-105. Automatically solves the iterative calculations for the exit air temperature and psychrometric properties to compute the test L/G as required by CTI ATC-105. Accurately interpolates between curves and generates all the necessary crossplots to determine the overall Tower Capability. • Demand Curve Tab: application speeds the evaluation of the characteristic curve method. This application allows the calculation of the overall Tower Capability when manufacturer's performance curves are unavailable. High quality demand curve pages produced on any printer for your exact set of design conditions at any altitude.